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Teton Fault
The Teton fault is a normal fault located in northwestern Wyoming. The fault has a length of 44 miles (70 km) and runs along the eastern base of the Teton Range. Vertical movement on the fault has caused the dramatic topography of the Teton Range.〔Byrd, J.O.D., Smith, R.B., Geissman, J.W. (1994) The Teton fault, Wyoming: Topographic signature, neotectonics, and mechanisms of deformation. ''Journal of Geophysical Research (99)''. No. B10. p. 20095-20122.〕〔Pickering-White, B.J., Smith, R.B., Husen, S., Farrell, J.M., Wong, I. (2009). Seismicity and earthquake hazard analysis of the Teton-Yellowstone region, Wyoming. ''Journal of Volcanology and Geothermal Research. (188)'' p. 277-296〕
== Geologic setting ==
(詳細はgeologic provinces: the Basin and Range, Idaho-Wyoming Thrust belt, Rocky Mountain Foreland, and the Yellowstone volcanic plateau. The Basin and Range province is a region of east-west crustal extension. This province adds tension perpendicular to the fault line causing the fault blocks to move apart. The Idaho-Wyoming Thrust belt is located south of the Teton fault and is a region of thick and deformed crust that prevents the fault from extending farther south. The Rocky Mountain Foreland is located east of the Teton fault and is a region of thicker crust. This section of crust is heavier and adds to the vertical downward force on the hanging wall of fault. The Yellowstone volcanic plateau is a region of uplift and expansion that influences both vertical and horizontal forces on the Teton fault.〔
The Teton fault is unique in that it dips or slopes to the east. The majority of major faults in the Basin and Range province dip to the west. The unique dip of the Teton fault can be explained by the subsidence of the Snake River Plain. The Snake River Plain is located to the west of the Teton fault and was formed by the migration of the Yellowstone caldera across southern Idaho. As this section of crust cools it tends to subside causing the footwall of the fault to tilt down toward the west.〔〔
The Teton fault is also an important feature in a larger region of seismic activity called the Intermountain Seismic Belt. This region extends from western Montana south to northern Arizona.〔〔〔Smith, R.B., Byrd, O.D., (1993). The Teton fault, Wyoming: seismotectonics, Quaternary history, and earthquake hazards. ''Geology of Wyoming: Geological Survey of Wyoming Memoir.'' No. 5, p. 628-667.〕
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